Atkinson, Michael, “Staging the Disappearance of Sherlock Holmes: The Aesthetics of Absence in ‘The Final Problem,’” Short Story Criticism, edited by Thomas J. Schoenberg and Lawrence J. Trudeau, vol. 83, 2005.
Doyle, Arthur Conan, The Complete Works of Sherlock Holmes.
Farrell, Thomas J. “Deconstructing Moriarty: False Armageddon at the Reichenbach, Short Story Criticism, edited by Thomas J. Schoenberg and Lawrence J. Trudeau, vol. 83, 2005.
Villains 101 